定语从句和同位语从句的区别 同位语从句和定语从句怎么区分?有什么区别啊?搞不懂啊!!有例句更好。。

同位语从句通常对前面的名词起补充解释作用,两者之间是同位关系;而定语从句是用来说明先行词的性质或特征,起修饰或限制作用,两者之间是修饰与被修饰的关系。...接下来由新高三网小编为你整理了定语从句和同位语从句的区别相关详细内容,我们一起来分享吧。

好的,现在我来为大家谈一谈定语从句和同位语从句的区别的问题,希望我的回答能够解答大家的疑惑。关于定语从句和同位语从句的区别的话题,我们开始说说吧。

定语从句和同位语从句的区别

同位语从句通常对前面的名词起补充解释作用,两者之间是同位关系;而定语从句是用来说明先行词的性质或特征,起修饰或限制作用,两者之间是修饰与被修饰的关系。

定语从句和同位语从句有哪些区别

1、定语从句是形容词从句,其作用相当于一个形容词,是用来修饰前面的名词或代词的;同位语从句是名词从句,其作用相当于一个名词,是对前面的名词作进一步解释的。

2、定语从句的引导词在从句中充当一定的成分,可作主语、宾语、状语等;而同位语从句中的引导词在从句只起连接作用,不作任何句子成分。

3、引导定语从句的关联词在从句中作宾语或状语时,可以省略或被其他词代替;而同位语从句的引导词一般不能省略,更不能被代替。

4、引导定语从句的关联词在从句中作宾语或状语时,可以省略或被其他词代替;而同位语从句的引导词一般不能省略,更不能被代替。

5、定语从句所修饰、限定的先行词可以是各类名词,可以有复数形式;而同位语从句一般都与抽象名词同位,一般没有复数形式。

能给我解释下定语从句和同位语从句的区别吗?

1. 定语从句是定语的一种。定语都是修饰名词的,所以定语从句也是修饰名词的。

2. 同位语从句是同位语的一种。如果两者是同位语,那么它们互为说明,互为解释。如,“克林顿总统”中“克林顿”就是那个“总统”,那个“总统”就是“克林顿”。又如“上海/这座城市”、“王/大妈”、“美国首都/华盛顿”等等。

3. 请辨析:

小明带回来的消息(“小明带回来的”是定语,修饰“消息”)

一个震撼人心的消息(“一个震撼人心的”是定语,修饰“消息”)

王老师病了的消息(“王老师病了”就是“消息”的内容,是说明“消息”的。所以“王老师病了”与“消息”是同位语关系)

4. 请辨析:

Jim told me a piece of news that shocked everyone. (that shocked everyone修饰news,是定语从句。)

Jim told me a piece of news that Mr. Wang was ill.( that Mr. Wang was ill是news的具体内容,是同位语从句。)

同位语从句和定语从句怎么区分?有什么区别啊?搞不懂啊!!有例句更好。。

定语从句与同位语从句的区别

定语从句与同位语从句相似的位置,使许多学生往往混淆。如何正确地区分定语从句与同位语从句呢?

一、 定语从句是形容词从句,其作用相当于一个形容词,是用来修饰前面的名词或代词的;同位语从句是名词从句,其作用相当于一个名词,是对前面的名词作进一步解释的。例如:

1. We heard the news that he had told her. 我们听到他对她说的消息。 2. We heard the news that he had won the game. 我们听到消息他赢得了比赛。

例1中的that从句的作用相当于一个形容词,其作用是修饰the news;例2中的that从句的作用相当于一个名词,是对the news的进一步说明。

二、定语从句的引导词在从句中充当一定的成分,可作主语、宾语、状语等;而同位语从句中的引导词在从句只起连接作用,不作任何句子成分。例如:

1. A plane is a machine that can fly. 飞机是一种能飞的机器。

2. The fact that they didn't finish the work has to be faced. 必须面对事实,他们没有完成工作。

例1中的引导词that在从句中充当句子成分,作从句的主语,故为定语从句;例2中的that只起连接作用,引导从句解释fact的内容,不作任何句子成分,故为同位语从句。

三、同位语从句与其所修饰的名词之间是一种同位关系,二者之间存在逻辑上的系表关系,可用“主+系+表”结构来表示。例如:

The news that he won the first place is true. 他赢得冠军的那个消息是真的。 上句若用“主+系+表”结构来表示,则是:

The news is that he won the first place. 消息是他赢得了冠军。

四、由when, why, where引导的定语从句分别修饰或说明表示时间、原因或地点的词,但它们引导的同位语从句一般不和表示时间或地点的词同位。例如:

1. I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. 我仍然记得初次来北京的那天。

2. I have no idea when she will be back. 我不知道她何时回来。

3. This is the house where I lived two years ago. 这是我两年前住的房子。

4. The question where we shall have a meeting hasn't decided. 我们到什么地方去开会,这个问题没有决定。

例1、3中的when和 where引导的是定语从句,day 和house分别表示时间和地点;例2、4中的when和 where引导的是同位语从句。

定语从句和同位语从句的区别

定语从句和同位语从句是英语中两种比较重要且常用的从句,在历届高考中容易出现。而这两种从句有一定的相似性,不少学生难以分清,常常误用,高考中失分较多。现将这两种从句的区别浅析如下,以帮助那些使用这两种从句有困难的学生。 一、从语法功能和概念上辨别 定语从句是形容词性的从句,是对前面名词的性质、特征进行描述,它与先行词(前面的名词)是修饰与被修饰的关系:而同位语从句是名词性从句,是对前面名词作进一步的补充性解释说明,它与前面的名词是同位关系,即前面名词是从句的概括总结,从句是前面名词的具体内容,且名词与该同位语从句有逻辑上的主表关系。如: ①.I will tell you piece of news that you may not have heard.

②.The news that he had won the first prize in the competition made us very happy.

①句中的 that 从句是对 news 起修饰和限定作用的,所以该句为定语从句。②句中

的 that 从句是对 news 的内容做解释说明,且 news 与 that 从句在逻辑上是主表关系,可以说 The news was that he had won the first prize in the competition. 所以该句为同位语从句。 二、从先行词上辨别

定语从句的先行词没有限定,举不胜举:而同位语从句的先行词仅限于具有一定内容的抽象名词,如: idea (想法,主意)、 news (消息)、 answer (答复)、 fact (事实)、 hope (希望)、 thought (想法)、 belief (信仰)、 message (信息)、 possibility (可能性)等。 三、从引导词上辨别

引导定语从句的 that 为关系代词,在从句中充当主语或宾语,指物时可用 which 替换,当它在定语从句中做宾语时可以省略;而引导同位语从句的 that 为连词,在从句

中不充当任何成分,但不可以省略,且不能用 which 代替。如:

1.The news (that/which)he told me yesterday is not true. (定语从句) ? 2.The news that he will go to Beijing is not true. (同位语从句) ? 3.At the meeting he expressed the hope (that/which)we wanted to express. (定语从句) ? 4.At the meeting he expressed the hope that he wanted to go abroad to further study. (同位语从句) 四、从语气上辨别

从句位于少数几个名词,如 suggestion,advice,order,request 等后时,同位语从句的谓语动词必须用虚拟语气,既 should +动词原形, should可以省略;而定语从句则没有这一要求。如:

The advice that we (should) build a school in that small village was supported by all of us. (同位语从句)

The advice that he gave was supported by all of us. (定语从句)

定语从句与同位语从句的区别

同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibility,promise,order等有一定内涵的名词?而定语从句的先行词可以是名词?代词?主句的一部分或是整个主句?如:

The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed.人们经常讨论大多数劳动力将会在家里工作的可能性?(同位语从句)

We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting. 我们正在调查的问题不是他是否值得信赖的问题?(同位语从句)

Word came that he had been abroad. 据说他已经出国了?(同位语从句)

Our team has won the game, which made us very happy. 我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴?(定语从句)

The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room. 你找的那位医生在房间里面?(定语从句)

His mother did all she could to help him with his study. 他妈妈尽她的最大努力帮助他的学习?(定语从句,代词all作先行词?)

2. 从性质上区别

定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴?如:

The news that our team has won the game was true. 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的?(同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息?)

The news that he told me yesterday was true. 昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的?(定语从句,news在从句中作told的宾语?)

I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich. 我许诺如果谁让我自由,我就让他非常富有?(同位语从句,补充说明promise到底是一个什么诺言?)

The mother made a promise that pleased all her children. 妈妈做出了一个令她的孩子们高兴的许诺?(定语从句,promise在从句中作pleased的主语?)

3. 从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别

有些引导词如how, whether, what可以引导同位语从句,但不能引导定语从句?如:

That question whether we need it has not been considered. 我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑?(同位语从句)

I have no idea what has happened to him. 我不知道他发生了什么事?(同位语从句)

引导词that引导定语从句时,在从句中一般作主语或宾语(指物时还可以用which代替),并且作宾语时常常省略?that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用,不充当任何成分,并且不能省略,也不能用which来代替?如:

The order that we 焥hould send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. 我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的命令昨天收到了?(同位语从句,是对order的具体解释,that虽不作成分,但不能省略?)

The order 焧hat we received yesterday was that we 焥hould send a few people to help the other groups. 我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组?(定语从句,是名词order的修饰语,that在从句中作received的宾语,可以省略?)

最后我们在一起来做三道练习题:

1. Along with the letter was his promise ____ he would visit me this coming Christmas.(2004上海春季高考)

A. which B. that

C. what D. whether

2. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ____ I thought was a dangerous speed. (2004上海春季高考)

A. as B. which

C. what D. that

3. Luckily,we'd brought a road map without ____ we would have lost our way. (2004北京春季高考)

A. it B. that

C. this D. which

答案:1. B 2. B 3. D

如何区别定语从句和同位语从句

定语从句与同位语从句的区别

1.定语从句是形容词性的,其功能是修饰先行词,起限定作用.

而同位语从句等同于它所修饰的名词,是名词性的,其功能是对所修饰的名词作补充说明.同位语从句一般跟在名词fact,hope,idea,news,doubt,suggestion,information,opinion,decision,discovery,truth,promise,statement,problem,rule等的面.

They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事,他们都很焦虑.(同位语从句)

Where did you get the idea that I could not come 你在哪儿听说我不能来?(同位语从句)

I have no idea whether he'll come or not.我不知道他是否来.(同位语从句)

It is a fact (that) you can't deny.这是一个你不能否认的事实.(定语从句)

It is a fact that she has done her best.她尽了最大的努力,这是事实.(同位语从句)

2.在定语从句中,that代先行词,在从句中不仅起连接作用,还充当某个句子成分,在作宾语时通常可省略.

而在同位语从句中,that只起连接主句和从句的作用,无意义,在从句中不充当句子成分,一般不可省.

The news (that) we heard spread all over the school campus.

我们听到的消息传遍了校园.(定语从句)

The news that Mr.Li will be our new English teacher is true.

李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的.(同位从句)

定语从句和同位语从句的区别是什么?

1、从句所修饰词的不同。同位语从句所修饰词通常是少数一些表示抽象意义的名词,如belief , doubt , fact , hope 等。定语从句的先行词可以指人、物等。例如:

He has told us a fact that drinking too much does harm to our health.他又告诉我们一个事实,过渡饮酒对健康有害。(同位语从句)

This is the book that I bought yesterday. 这是我昨天买的那本书。(定语从句)

2. 连接词的作用不同。连接同位语从句的that只起连接作用,不在从句中担任任何句子成分。whether 和 how 可以引导同位语从句,但不能引导定语从句。引导定语从句的连接词是关系词,常见的关系代词和关系副词有that , which , who , whose , whom , when , where , why , as,than, but 等。

The news that he wants to get is whether he will be sent to the countryside.他所想得到的消息是他是否将被派往农村。(定语从句,关系代词that作从句get的宾语。)

Do you have a doubt whether she will be dismissed from school? 你怀疑她是否能被学校开除吗?(同位语从句)

3.从句作用的不同。定语从句具有形容词或副词的特点,对先行词起修饰、限定作用,描述先行词的性质或特征,与先行词之间是所属关系。同位语从句具有名词的特点,对中心词作进一步补充解释,是中心词的具体内容。例如:

The man that you saw just now is my bother. 你刚才看到的那个人是我的弟弟。(定语从句)

The suggestion that the meeting be put off proved right.推迟会议的建议证明是正确得。(同位语从句)

好了,关于“定语从句和同位语从句的区别”的话题就讲到这里了。希望大家能够通过我的讲解对“定语从句和同位语从句的区别”有更全面、深入的了解,并且能够在今后的工作中更好地运用所学知识。

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