在接下来的时间里，我将尽力回答大家关于虚拟语气讲解的问题，希望我的解答能够给大家带来一些思考。关于虚拟语气讲解的话题，我们开始讲解吧。

英语语法虚拟语气讲解

英语语法有词类也有句型，我们现在来看看虚拟语气的用法。下面是我给大家整理的，供大家参阅!

：if only后的句子用虚拟语气

if only 与 I wish一样，也用于表示与事实相反的愿望，其后所虚拟语气的时态与 wish 后所接时态的情况相同：

If only she had had more courage! 她再勇敢一些就好了。

If only it would stop raining! 雨要是停了就好了。

If only he didn't drive so fast. 但愿他车没开得那么快。

If only I were [was] better looking. 要是我长得漂亮些就好了。

If only I had listened to my parents! 我要是当时听了父母的话就好了。

If only she would go with me! 她要是愿意和我一道去就好了!

友情提示if only 通常独立使用，没有主句。

：would rather后的句子用虚拟语气

would rather后接句子时，句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，具体用法为：

1.一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望

I'd rather you went tomorrow now. 我宁愿你明天现在去。

I'd rather you came next Saturday. 我宁愿你下星期六来。

I'd rather you were happy. 我愿你快乐。

I'd rather she sat next to me. 我宁愿她挨着我坐。

I'd rather Jack left on an earlier train. 我宁愿杰克乘前一班火车走。

You always go without me and l'd rather you didn't. 你总是不带我去，我可不愿意你这样。

“Shall I open the window? ” “I'd rather you didn't. ”“我要不要把窗子开启? ” “我看不要开启好。”

2. 用过去完成时表过去的愿望

I'd rather you hadn't said it. 我真希望你没有这样说过。

I'd rather you hadn't done that. 我宁愿你没这样做。

l'd rather you had been / hadn't been present。我 宁 愿你当时在场 / 不在场。

l'd rather he had told / hadn't told me about it 我 宁 愿他告诉了 / 未告诉我这件事。

Katie went by car and I'd rather she hadn't. 凯蒂是坐汽车去的，我宁愿地不坐汽车去。

：虚拟语气用在条件状语从句中

虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，表示所说的话不是一个事实，而只是一种假设，愿望，建议，怀疑，猜测或不大可能实现的空想。

I.虚拟语气用在条件状语从句中

虚拟语气用在条件状语从句中，通常从句由连词if 引导。

1.与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句

条件状语从句主句

If +主语 +动词过去式主语+ would, should, could, might+原形动词

be的过去式用were

例如：

If I feared death, I wouldn't be a munist.

刘胡兰怕死就不做 *** 员。

If there were no air, we couldn't live.

如果没有空气，我们就不能生活。

Example:

I would ask George to lend us the money if I ______ him.

A. had known B. knew C. have known D. know

I _____ it to him if I thought he would understand.

A. shall explain B. will explain C. would explain D. explain

2.与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句

构成

条件状语从句主句

If + 主语 + 动词过去完成式主语 + would, should, could, might+have + 过去分词

例如：

If you had e a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.

如果你早来几分钟，你就会碰上他。

If there had been no air in the tube, the result of the experiment would have been more accurate.

如果试管中没有空气，实验结果就会更精确。

Example:

If you hadn't gone with Tom to the party last night, _______.

A. you would meet John already

B. you won't have missed John

C. you will have met John

D. you would have met John

3.与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句

构成

条件状语从句主句

If + 主语+ should +原形动词主语+would,should,could,might或were+不定式+原形动词

例如：

If he were to e tomorrow, things would be easier.

假如他明天会来，事情就容易办了。

If the sand should be broken up, it would give out much energy.

如果沙子能被分解，它会释放出大量的能量。

注：在表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句中，从句中的should有时可以省略。如：

If he make the design, he might do it in some other way.

要是他来搞这个设计，他可能用另外的方法设计。

Example:

If the sea ____ to rise 50 feet, India would bee an island.

A. will B. is C. was D. were

If you ____ to see Mary, what would you tell her?

A. are B. will be going C. must D. were

We might still catch the train if we ___.

A. make hurry B. haste

C. make haste D. hastily

4.错综时间的虚拟语气

在一些含有虚拟语气的句子中，如果主句与从句的谓语表示不同的时间，虚拟语气可有不同形式，即主句与从句各自按自己的时间构成虚拟形式。例如：

If I had met him before, I could recognize him.要是我以前遇见过他，我就能认出他了。

从句表示与过去事实相反，主句表示与现在或将来事实相反

If we were driving at a speed of 100 Li an hour, we would have arrived there 2 hours ago. 如果我们的行车速度每小时100里，两小时以前我们就会到达那里了。

从句与现在事实相反，主句与过去事实相反

Example:

If you _____ that late movie last night, you wouldn't be sleepy.

A. haven't watched

B. didn't watch

C. hadn't watched

D. wouldn't have watched

5.省略连词if

在条件状语从句中，如果有were, should, had，可以把连词if 省去，把 were, should, had 放在句首，构成条件意义。例如：

Should it rain tomorrow, what would you do? 万一明天下雨，你怎么办?

Were there no friction, we could not walk. 要是没有摩擦力，我们就不能行走。

Had we known about the new method, we should have applied it earlier.

如果我们过去知道这种新方法，我们早就应用了。

Example:

Had Alice been more hardworking, she _______.

A. had not failed B. would not fail

C. could not be failed D. would not have failed

_______ today, he would get there by Friday.

A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving

C. Were he to leave D. If he leaves

______ difficulties, we would be successful.

A. Should we overe B. Would we overe

C. Might we overe D. Could we overe

6.虚拟结构中省略主句或从句

虚拟结构中有时可省去主句或从句，并不影响意义的完整。

1省去条件从句

That would be fine. 那太好了。省去了if you would e 或类似条件

I wouldn't pass up the chance to visit China. 我不会放弃访问中国的机会。

We might have produced more coal. 我们可能生产出更多煤炭。

注：省略条件句，在试题中很少见到。

2省去主句，常用以表示愿望。从句谓语多用过去时或过去完成时。

If only she were here. 假如她在这儿该多好啊!

If only he lived! 假如他活着该多好啊!

If only I had known it before. 如果我早先知道这件事，那就好了。

Example:

If only it _____! but it is too late.

A. is avoided B. has avoided

C. could be avoided D. can be avoided

If only everything _____ out as we wanted it to in life!

A. is working B. worked

C. works D. has worked

看过的人还：

大学英语六级之虚拟语气讲解(2)

　(wish, had + called)(事实上已迟了)

　5. They will wish they had listened to us sooner.

　(will wish,had + listened)(事实上并不如此)

　例题分析：I wish I ______ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.

　A. could have slept　B. slept　　C. might have slept　D. have slept

　动词wish后面接从句，表达不可能实现或与事实相反的情况时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即用过去式(表示现在发生的动作)或过去完成式(表示过去发生的动作)。本题后半句谓语动词have用的是过去时had

　to get up and come, 所以前面要用过去完成时表示过去发生的动作。所以, 选项A)could have slept是答案

　三)、对将来情况的虚拟(表示将来的主观愿望)：

　从句动词"would/should/could/might + 动词原形"(时间上较后)(请注意：主句和从句的主语不相同)。用wish表示对将来事情的`愿望。例：

　1. I wish it would stop raining.(虚拟动词would+动词原形stop)

　我希望雨能停止。(事实上雨还在下着呢)

　2. I wish you would be quiet.(would + be)

　我希望你安静一些。(事实上那家伙还在吵着呢)

　3. You wished she would arrive the next day.(would + arrive)

　你希望她第二天会到。(事实上她还没到)

　4. I wish she would change her mind.(would + change)

　我希望她会改变主意。(呵呵，女孩子可没那么容易就改变主意喔)

　5. He will wish we would join him the following week.(would + join)

　(只是希望我们和他在一起，实际上还没在一起)

　四)、注意：

　1.如果将wish改为过去式wished, 其后that 从句中的动词形式不变。例如：

　I wished I hadn't spent so much money.

　我要是那时没有花掉那么多钱就好了。

　2. 如果that 从句中用would , 一般表示对现状不满或希望未来有所改变或请求

　I wish he would answer my letter.

　I wish prices would come down.

　在表示建议、命令、要求、忠告等动词的后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气

　由于这些动词本身隐含说话者的主观意见，认为某事应该或不应该怎样，这些词语后面的?that?从句应用虚拟语气，且均以?should+动词原形?表示这种语气，但事实上?should?常被省略，故此从句中谓语动词用原形，常用的此类动词有：

　表示?要求?的：ask, desire, request, demand, require, beg

　表示?提议、劝告、建议?的：move, prpose, suggest, recommend, advise, vote

　表示?决定、命令?的：decide, order

　表示?主张?的：maintain, urge

　表示?同意、坚持?的：consent, insist

　例如：

　1.The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose his weight.

　2.He insisted that we (should ) tell him the news.

　3.When I suggested that he try shaving cream, he said, ?The razor and water do the job. ?(当我建议他用刮胡膏时，他说?剃刀和水就行了?。)

　4.He pursued various theories for several days until I suggested we take the toy apart to see how it did work. (他费了几天功夫寻找理论根据，直到我建议拆开看看它是如何转动的。)

　5.One can suggest that students should spend two or three years in an English?speaking country. (我们建议学生应在说英语的国家呆上两三年。)

　在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中虚拟语气很普遍，其结构如：

　order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist +... (should) do

　6.I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week.

　7.He insisted that he (should ) be sent there.

　但注意：在insist 后的从句中, 如果是坚持自己, 用陈述语气, 坚持别人做什么事情, 用虚拟语气.

　8.she insists that she is right.

　9.she insisted that I should finish the work at once.

　或者说，suggest, insist不表示建议或坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意暗示、表明、坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。

　10.The guard at gate insisted that everybody obey the rules.

　判断改错:

　(错)11.　You pale face suggests that you (should) be ill.

　(对)12.　Your pale face suggests that you are ill.

　(错)13.　I insisted that you ( should) be wrong.

　(对)14.　I insisted that you were wrong.

　例题分析：15.It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios ______ after 11 o'clock at night.

　A. were not played　B. not be played

　C. not to play　　　D. did not play

　全句意思是：?旅馆管理部门恳请客人晚上11点后不要打开收音机?。句中的谓语动词request(请求)所引出的从句应当用虚拟语气，即动词原形或?should+动词原形?。本句的主语从句中，主语radio是谓语动词play 的客体，谓语应当用被动语态。所以，答案是C) not be played。在上述这类句子中不能用动词过去时形式表示虚拟语气，所以A)不正确。选项B) not to play是动词带to的不定式，不能在句中作谓语。选项D)did not play也是动词play的过去时形式，同样不能在本句中作为虚拟语气来使用。而且，它是主动语态形式，而本题要用被动语态。

英语语法知识讲解之虚拟语气

虚拟语气被普遍认为是难度大，不易掌握的语法项目，很容易使人望而生畏，能否从中找出一些规律呢？下面就是根据虚拟语气的谓语动词变化，把虚拟语气分为四大类型，以便掌握。

l. 时间选择型

当虚拟语气用来表示一种不能成为现实、不真实的情况时，须选择与现在、将来和过去情况相反的三种不同时间，从而决定谓语动词。这类虚拟语气主要用于如下几方面:

（1）虚拟条件句（含蓄虚拟条件句）

If l were you, l would study much harder．（与现在情况相反）

If he did（were to do，should do）it，he would do it well．（与将来情况相反）

I wouldn't have finished the work without your help． （与过去情况相反）

（2）由 even if (though) 引导的让步状语从句，其谓语动词变化同于虚拟条件句，在口语中也可用直陈语气。

Even if he were here, he wouldn't be able to help you． （与现在情况相反）

Nothing could have saved your father，even if the doctor had arrived on time．（与过去情况相反）

（3） wish后的宾语从句

I wish I were five years younger than you．（与现在情况相反）

He wishes you would go with him.（与将来情况相反）

I wished I had won the match．（与过去情况相反）

注意：wish的时态不影响从句三种时间的判定。

（4） as if (though)引导的表语从句和方式状语从句

He looks as if he were very sleepy．（与现在情况相反）

They are talking about something, as if they were quarrelling with each other．

2．should+动词原形型

这种类型的虚拟语气一般用于主语从句、宾语从句、表语和同位语从句。谓语由should+动词原形构成，无论什么人称都不能用 would, should在口语中可以略去。

（1）在主语从句中用以表示惊奇、惋惜、理应如此，构成 It is natural （important, necessary, strange, a pity, a shame等）that… 句型。

It is natural that you should say apology to him．

It is a pity that you should be careless．

（2）用于表示命令、建议一类动词后的宾语从句，如：suggest，move，insist，demand，request，command等。

The young man insisted that he should be sent to do the work．

I suggested that we should set off earlier．

应注意：当insist表示对已发生过的事物的看法，或当suggest为“说明了”，“

求虚拟语气的讲解 had sb done sth, sb would have not done

综述：这个是条件状语从句中的虚拟语气，对过去的虚拟，had提前，省掉if，原句是：If sb had done sth，sb would have not done.意思是如果某人做了…，某人就不会…。

重点词汇：not

英［n?t］

释义：

adv.表示否定，不

n.“非”（计算机中逻辑运算的一种）

短语：

I Not Stupid小孩不笨；憨仔鬼精灵；小孩?笨

词语使用变化：not

adv.（副词）

1、not的基本意思是“不，没有”，通常用于否定句中，位于动词be、have/has或情态动词之后，或与之一起构成缩写形式；如：isn＇t，don＇t，won＇t等。

2、在美国口语中常用ain＇t代替am not/are not/is not/has not/have not。

3、not后可接动词的非限定形式：动词不定式、动名词或分词。

虚拟语气的用法总结归纳_英语中的运用讲解

当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法，愿望，假想，猜测，怀疑或建议，而不是根据客观实际，就用虚拟语气。下面，就让我把整理到的关于虚拟语气的用法的资料列出来, 以供大家参考。

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　虚拟语气在状语从句中的运用

虚拟语气在状语从句中的运用除了可以表示条件外，还可以表示比较、结果、目的等。虚拟语气用于表示条件的状语从句中，一般称为虚拟条件句。根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句中谓语动词时态的变化可能有三种形式，即现在、过去和将来。

If it did, it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook, values, education, and class.2001年 TEXT1

这是一个含有条件状语从句的复合句。If it did是条件状语从句。主句中主语是it;谓语动词有两个，分别是would open up...和look for...。

这是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用一般过去时，主句用would+动词原形open up和look for。

参考译文：如果它能注意这个问题的话，它就会拓展其雇员多样化专案，而目前的专案只单纯考虑招收不同种族和性别的员工，去雇佣那些在世界观、价值观、教育背景及社会阶层方面各不相同的记者。

　虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用

虚拟语气除了用作状语从句中外，还可以用作主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句等名词性从中。

第一， 虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用

当it作形式主语，后面用形容词作表语，即在it is + adj.这样的句型中，当描述主语的表语形容词是advisable，critical，crucial，desirable，essential，imperative，important，incredible，inevitable，necessary，remend，strange，urgent等形容词时，主语从句的谓语动词多用虚拟语气，如果是现在时，谓语动词用should/would +动词原形should/would经常省略;如果是过去时，则用should/would + have done的形式。

It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer. Just as inevitably，the retreat from predominance proved painful.

这是一个含有主语从句的复合句。句首的It是形式主语，真正主语是that从句，该主语从句使用了虚拟语气should+完成时。2000年 TEXT1参考译文：随着其他国家日益富裕，美国的这一优势地位逐渐下降是不可避免的。惟其不可避免，从优势地位上退出愈发痛苦不堪。

虚拟语气在同位语从句中的运用

名词advice、assumption、decision、demand、desire、insistence、order、proposal、requirement、remendation、suggestion……后面若有同位语从句，从句的谓语动词也应使用虚拟语气的形式。

Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human”，with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance. 2005年 TEXT1

这是个含有同位语从句的复合句。that引导的同位语从句的谓语动词由would+动词原形be构成。

参考译文：这样的行为被认为“完全是人类独有的特点”，其潜在的含义是其它动物没有这种敏锐的委屈感。

虚拟语气在表语从句中的运用

与同位语从句一样，若主语是某些特定动词的同根名词参考上一部分同位语从句，要在它后面的表语从句要用虚拟式。

Another decision is whether the school should be one of the vast majority financed by the State or one of the very *** all but influential minority of private schools，though this choice is，of course，only available to the *** all number of those who can pay. 英语专业四级考试01年Text D

这是个含有表语从句的复合句。主语是another decision;谓语是is;whether……or……是表语从句，其中谓语动词由should+动词原形be构成。参考译文：另一个要做出的决定是：应该选择一所占绝大多数的国立学校呢，还是选择一所数量虽小却有影响力的私立学校呢，当然，只有少数有支付能力的人才有这种选择的权利。

　虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用

表示“建议、请求、命令、要求”等主观意向的词如：suggest、advise、assume、decide、demand、desire、insist、propose、order、remend、require、suggest……，引导宾语从句时需用虚拟语气。虚拟语气中的格式很固定：谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略。注意这种句型中的虚拟语气形式不受主句动词时态的影响。

Theories concerning on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior because they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through interactions with others.2004 CLOSE

此句是个含有一个宾语从句、两个原因状语从句的复合句。suggest是主句谓语，Suggest后面的宾语从句中的谓语动词engage in前面省略了should.

参考译文：关于个体研究的理论认为，孩子们从事犯罪活动是因为以前他们做错事情时对他们的惩罚力度不够，或是因为他们通过与其他人的交往学会了犯罪。

1.高考虚拟语气完成句子

2.would的用法和例句

3.语法小点——虚拟语气

4.虚拟语气“新”归纳

5.英语六级语法精析之虚拟语气

虚拟语气 知识讲解 什么叫虚拟语气 北京四中网校

虚拟语气的含义。

虚拟语气把动作当作一种只存在于说话人想像中的假设或推测，而不是当作客观现实中的真实事件。它表达的是怀疑、忧虑、推测、假设、想像、祝愿等。

If my father hadn’t been sick, I would have graduated from college.

I wish that my father hadn't been sick when I was going to college.

Mother told me to put on my sweater lest I should catch cold.

He suggested that we should all go to see the movie.

条件句的用法。

英语中的条件句一般分为两种：真实条件句、非真实条件句。非真实条件句常用虚拟语气，包括虚拟条件句、推测条件句和错综时间条件句。

虚拟语气条件句可以分为三类：一类是叙述与现在事实相反的情况，一类是叙述与过去事实相反的情况，还有一种情况是推测将来的情况，也叫做推测条件句。它们共同的特点就是时态向前推一级。

If I were young, I could enjoy the party.

If I had a lot of money, I would buy a yacht.

If my father hadn’t been sick, I would have graduated from college.

We wouldn’t have dozed off if our teacher had spoken louder.

If it should rain tomorrow, the game would be put off.

If the Pacific Ocean were to dry up, I would change my mind.

虚拟语气的主句，可以是陈述句、疑问句、感叹句或祈使句。

Suppose you had a million dollars, ?what would you like to do first?

表示过去事实相反的虚拟语气条件句，可以用could have加过去分词，这里的could是情态动词，表示“能够”。

If I could have earned enough money, I would have traveled all over the world.

虚拟语气用于其它从句。

虚拟语气除主要用于条件从句即状语从句外，还可用于主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、定语从句等。

用作动词wish的宾语从句，表示愿望，常省去从属连接词that。这种从句的谓语动词可用过去式，表示与现在事实相反，亦可用过去完成式，表示与过去事实相反。I wish that Robbie and Alexandra were here.

I wish you would go with us tomorrow.

I wish she had taken my advice.

谓语用should+动词原形或只用动词原形的that从句，作为demand，suggest，propose，order，arrange，insist，command，require，desire等动词的宾语。如：

He determined that she go at once.

I prefer that such comments should cease.

She insisted that the seats should be booked in advance.

He suggested that I should be saving some of the money.

He found it necessary that we should learn English well.

He thinks it of great importance that a person should be honest.（of great importance等于very important）

也可以用would rather，would sooner等表示愿望，但其宾语从句常用虚拟过去式。

I would rather you came tomorrow.

I’d sooner she left the heavy end of the work to someone else.

有些动词，如think，expect，believe，其否定式的宾语从句亦可用should+动词原形。

Never did I think that he should refuse.

She did not expect that you should come.

用作某些形容词或相当于形容词的过去分词的补语的that从句，其谓语是should+动词原形或should+have +过去分词。

I was glad that he should go.

I’m ashamed you should have done such a thing.

非真实条件句如省去结果主句，则常表示一种不可能实现的愿望。这种条件句常用if only来引导。如：

If only you would listen to reason.

If only he were here.

If I had never married.

If at least it had some artistic merit.

If only I could smash the ground with my fist and make the oil flow.

虚拟语气可以用于It’s time that的结构中，谓语动词要用过去式，be动词的过去式要用were，表示“是该做某事的时候了”，如：

It’s high time that we were off.

It’s time that we had dinner.

It’s time that somebody taught you to behave yourself.

Isn’t it about time that he were in bed?

这里的过去式也可以用should加动词原形来表示，这里的should是不能省略的。

It’s about time that we should go to bed.

It’s quite time that she should wash her clothes.

It’s almost time that we should be leaving.

虚拟语气也可以用在由关系代词引导的定语从句中。A man might pass for insane who should see things as they are.

虚拟语气可以用于其它连接词引导的状语从句中，如：The peasants prepared to feed the city when it should be freed.

Lest you should not have heard all, I shall begin at the beginning.

Unless I were well, I wouldn’t be at school.

Suppose you were given a chance to study in the USA, would you accept?

In case I forget, please remind me of my promise.

Susan is walking slowly as if she were tired.

Though everyone desert you, I won’t.

有不少情态动词也可以用于虚拟语气中：would表示一种情态意义，表示主语的意愿和意图，should也可以表示意愿或意见，could可以表示能力，如体能、技能或可能也可以表示允许，might则可以表示可能，may是一种特殊的虚拟语气，可以用在从句中表示目的或让步。如：

It might help a little if only you would keep clean.

If you left at ten, you should arrive in time.

I couldn’t be angry with him if I tried to.

If I hadn’t warned you, you could have been killed.

If he were wise, he should have come to see me.

He died in order that others might be saved.

We must observe the customs of the country, whatever they may be.

May you be happy!

Long may you live!

动词原形也是一种虚拟语气，称为虚拟语气的现在时，可以用于条件从句、目的从句、让步从句、主语从句、宾语从句或独立句中（表示愿望）。If the news be true, that will be a serious matter.

Let us act and not shrink for fear our motives be misunderstood.

All magnets behave the same, be they large or small.

She’ll be sixteen years old, come May.

It is very important that you be honest.

I suggested that everyone help in some way.

I insisted that she consult a doctor.

Long live the People’s Republic of China!

希望我能帮助你解疑释惑。

初中英语虚拟语气的讲解

初中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习

英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类。

虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。 条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。

如果假设的情况可能发生，是真实条件句，这种情况下谓语用陈述语气。如： If time permits, we'll go fishing together.如果时间允许，我们就一起去钓鱼。

如果假设的情况是不存在的或不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。如： If you had come yesterday, you would have met that famous professor.如果你昨天来，你就会见到那位著名的教授了。（隐含的事实是：你昨天没来，也没见到那位著名教授）。

虚拟语气的基本形式和用法在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。

1. 含有条件状语从句的复合句

　 wish（would rather）+宾语从句

suggest（…）+宾语从句

2. 主 语从句 It is + adj./p.p/n.+ that+ S+ (should) +do

表 语 从句S+is that +s + (should) +do

同位语从句 S+that +s +(should) +do

3. 定语从句 It is (high) time that + S + did，用过去式表现在情况

1. 时态后退型 用过去完成式表过去

两种形式 用过去将来表将来

2. should+动词原形型

内 容 详 述

I. 含有条件状语从句的复合句(以do为例;S=主语)

时 间 条件状语从句 主 句

与现在事实相反的假设 If +S+did… S+would/should/could/might+do…

与过去事实相反的假设 If +S+had done… S+would/should/could/might+have done…

与将来事实相反的假设 did…

If+S should do

were to do

S+would/should/could/might+do…

注意事项：

1．倒装句。如果条件句中含有功能词had，should，were时，可以省去If，把功能词提前，构成倒装句。

2．错综条件句。若条件句和主句动作不存在同一个时间，则谓语形式应根据具体情况而定。

3．If there weren't/had not been +…=without…

4．If it were not for…/ If it hadn't been for…= but for…

5．otherwise+虚拟语气的句子

6．虚拟语气的句子，but+ 陈述事实的句子

II. 虚拟语气用在宾语从句中

sb. did …(希望现在用过去式)

1. wish+that sb. had done…（希望过去用过去完成式）

sb. would/should do（希望将来用过去将来）

2. would rather后的从句要用虚拟语气。

时 间 从 句

虚拟现在 were, did (动词一般过去式)

虚拟过去 had done

虚拟将来 did (动词一般过去式)

例：I would rather I hadn’t said such unkind things to you. （虚拟过去）

I'd rather you came here for the answer tomorrow morning. （虚拟将来）

I’d rather you posted the letter right away. (虚拟现在)

3. suggest+（that）S+should+do…

表示愿望、建议、请求等主观意向的动词之后的宾语从句，谓语用should ＋动词原形，should常常省略。

这类词有：decide，demand，desire，insist，order，propose，suggest，recommend，requested， require等。

注意：

1. suggest 当“建议”讲时，其宾语从句用虚拟语气；当“暗示、表明”时，用陈述语气

2. insist 当坚持“看法或建议”时，宾语从句用虚拟语气；当坚持“某个事实”时，用陈述语气。

　判断改错：（错） Your pale face suggests that you（should）be ill.

（对） Your pale face suggests that you are ill.

　 （错） I insisted that you（should）be wrong.

　 （对） I insisted that you were wrong.

III. 虚拟语气用在主语从It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…等结构的主语从句，谓语动词用should 加动词原形，should 可省略。

It is 可用的词有三类 that （should）do

suggested, ordered, required, proposed, demanded, requested, insisted等

important, necessary, natural, imperative, strange等

a pity, a shame, no wonder等

IV．虚拟语气用在同位语从句中。

某些表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词后同位语从句需用虚拟语气，其表达形式为(should) ＋动词原形。

这类名词常见的有：advice，suggestion，proposal（提议），order， demand，desire，request，requirement，recommendation（推荐），plan，resolution（决议）， idea等。

eg. We are all for your proposal that the discussion ( should )be put off．

V． 虚拟语气用在表语从句中。

某些表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词作主语时，表语从句需用虚拟语气，其表达形式为(should) ＋动词原形。

这类名词常见的有：advice，suggestion，proposal，order， demand，desire，request，requirement，recommendation以及plan，idea，resolution等。

eg. My suggestion is that the mayor (should)present the prizes.

VI． 虚拟语气用在定语从句中

It is（about ／high）time ＋that sb.did sth/should do sth..

eg. Don't you think it's about time we went home？

注：在this is the first time ／second time that．．．句型中，从句中谓语动词用陈述语气完成时态。

eg.Is this the first time that you have visited Hongkong？

VII. 虚拟语气用在让步、方式、目的状语从句中

1．在带有even if/ even though引导的让步状语从句的主从复合句中，主句和从句都用虚拟语气，动词形式与含有非真实条件句的虚拟语气相同。如: Even if he had been ill, he would have gone to his office. 即使生了病，他俩去办公室。

2．由as if或as though引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时。从句谓语形式为动词的过去式(be用were)或 “had十过去分词”。如: He treated me as if I were a stranger. 他那样对待我，好像我是陌生人似的。She talked about the film as if she had really seen it. 她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。

3．虚拟语气用在lest（唯恐、免得），for fear that及in case引导的目的状语从句中。 在由lest等引导的目的状语从句中需用虚拟语气，表示“以防，以免”等意思，其谓语动词多由should ＋动词原形构成，should也可省略。

eg. He was punished lest he should make the same mistake again．

VIII．虚拟语气用情感语言中

1．虚拟语气在表示客气、遗憾以及祝愿等场合中，使用虚拟语气。

eg.You shouldn't have been following him so closely；you should have kept your distance．

2．If only sb./sth. +时态后退型的谓语

eg. If only I had known the result of the examination.

IX.虚拟语气的特殊用法：

1. 省掉if的条件从句结构：

Had you asked me, I would have told you.

(=If you had asked me,…)

2.有时虚拟条件不用条件从句而用不定式、分词、介词、名词、连接词或定语从句来表示，如：

A true friend would not do such a thing.

(=If he were a true friend, he would...)

3. 有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致，如：

If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now.

If I were you, I would have gone home.

好了，今天关于“虚拟语气讲解”的话题就到这里了。希望大家通过我的介绍对“虚拟语气讲解”有更全面、深入的认识，并且能够在今后的学习中更好地运用所学知识。